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16.04 · Static GK

Indian Polity & Constitution

9 facts10 questions

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Facts

At a glance 9 facts

  1. 1Constituent AssemblyRajendra Prasad presided over the Assembly; B.R. Ambedkar chaired its Drafting Committee. The Constitution was adopted on 26 November 1949.
  2. 2Republic DayIn force from 26 January 1950, a date picked to recall the Purna Swaraj pledge of 26 January 1930.
  3. 3Borrowed featuresParliamentary form (UK); Fundamental Rights, judicial review (USA); Directive Principles (Ireland); liberty, equality, fraternity (France); strong Centre (Canada).
  4. 4Parts III, IV, IVAPart III: Fundamental Rights (Articles 12 to 35). Part IV: Directive Principles (36 to 51). Part IVA: Fundamental Duties (51A), added by the 42nd Amendment, 1976.
  5. 5Key ArticlesArticle 14: equality before law. 17: abolition of untouchability. 21: life and personal liberty. 32: right to constitutional remedies.
  6. 6The five writsHabeas corpus: produce the detained person. Mandamus: do your public duty. Prohibition: stop a lower court. Certiorari: call up its case. Quo warranto: by what authority?
  7. 7Emergency and amendmentArticle 352: national emergency (war, external aggression, armed rebellion). 356: President's Rule in a state. 360: financial emergency. 368: amendment.
  8. 8Electing the PresidentArticle 54: elected members of both Houses of Parliament and of the state Assemblies vote; nominated members do not. Article 58: minimum age 35.
  9. 9Terms of the HousesRajya Sabha is never dissolved: members serve 6 years and one-third retire every second year. Lok Sabha: 5 years unless dissolved sooner.

Test yourself

10 questions · 3 easy · 4 medium · 3 hard

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  1. Q1Easy

    On which date did the Constitution of India come into force?

    Correct answer26 January 1950

    Why

    Separate the day it was adopted from the day it took effect.

    The Constituent Assembly adopted it on 26 November 1949, and it came into force two months later, on the anniversary of the 1930 Purna Swaraj pledge.

    So it came into force on 26 January 1950.

  2. Q2Easy

    Who was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly?

    Correct answerB.R. Ambedkar

    Why

    Keep two chairs apart: the Assembly's President and the Drafting Committee's chairman.

    Rajendra Prasad presided over the Constituent Assembly, while the committee set up in August 1947 to prepare the draft was led by Ambedkar.

    So the answer is B.R. Ambedkar.

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